Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produktivitas Usahatani Kakao Di Kecamatan Guguak, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota

Cocoa is one of the leading plantation commodities in Guguak District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting cocoa farm productivity in the area. The study involved 81 cocoa farmers selected through simple random sampling using the Slovin formula with a 10% margin of error. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, with maintenance practices, planting distance, plant age, and seedling type as explanatory variables. The results showed that maintenance practices and plant age had significant effects on cocoa productivity, whereas planting distance and seedling type had no significant effects. Maintenance practices had a positive and significant effect on productivity (t = 2.179; p = 0.032), while plant age had a negative and significant effect (t = −1.776; p = 0.080) at the 10% significance level. These findings indicate that improved maintenance practices are associated with higher cocoa productivity, whereas increasing plant age is associated with lower productivity. The model explained only part of the variation in productivity, indicating that other factors not included in the model may also contribute to cocoa farm productivity.