Internet of Things and smart sensing systems for water and microclimate management across the cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) chain: a systematic review of architectures, monitored variables and technology readiness

Pre-registration of a systematic review that identifies and characterises Internet of Things (IoT) and smart sensing systems developed for cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), from the nursery to dried beans (field, fermentation, drying, storage and traceability), with water and microclimate monitoring and control as the central focus. Technology readiness (TRL) and technical reporting quality are appraised. Open-access journal articles and conference papers with ISSN or DOI in English, Spanish and Portuguese (2015-2026) are included. Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM).