Principle Component Analysis of Reaction Flavor Compounds Generated in the Hydrolysate of Soy Sauce Residue

To develop a value added savory sauce from the hydrolysate of soy sauce residue, volatile flavor compounds generated under 15 reaction flavoring conditions designed with response surface methodology were analyzed by Solid Phase Microextraction / Gas Chromatography / Mass Selective Detector. The correlations of the compounds with sensory characteristics (savory odor and taste) were then compared by Principal Component Analysis. A total of 79 flavor compounds were detected, 45 that were correlated in savory odor and 43 that were correlated in savory taste. The compounds correlated in savory odor mainly contained sulfur containing compounds (8), acids (3), alcohols (7), aldehydes (9), ketones (5), terpenes (2), pyrazines (2), furans (3), phenols (2), esters (3), and miscellaneous compound (1). In savory taste, however, except sulfur containing compounds (6), aldehydes (10), alcohols (6), ketones (5), and the other groups were same compounds correlated in savory odor. Based on the odor value (OV) obtained by dividing the contents of each compound by the threshold value, four compounds, dimethyl trisulfide (OV: 59,783.00, soy sauce, cooked cabbage-like), 3-methylbutanal (OV: 840.55, dark chocolate-like), methional (OV: 491.10, soy sauce, baked potato-like), and dimethyl disulfide (OV: 41.95, garlic, green onion-like) formed through reaction flavors were the major compounds with a high contribution of savory odor and taste. These compounds correlated in savory odor and taste also coincided with a fractional point region by central composite design.